Small hospitals sit at the apex of the pyramid of primary care in many low-income country health systems. If the Millennium Development Goal for child survival is to be achieved hospital care for severely ill, referred children will need to be improved considerably in parallel with primary care in many countries.
Point of View The Low-Income Trap. Urgent steps are needed to end the cycle of poverty and debt. Fanwell Kenala Bokosi. A sharp increase in the foreign debt of developing economies has raised concern that another crisis is looming. This is particularly true in Africa, where external debt in many countries has reached unsustainable levels.
This essay will consider if children from low income families are disadvantaged in the education system. It will examine if there is a direct link between poverty and low educational attainment. As far back as 1959 the Crowther Report identified a link between low incomes and low attainment levels.
Introduction Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of premature death and disability, and over 80% of the world's smokers live in low- or middle-income countries. The objective of this study is to assess demographic and socioeconomic determinants of current smoking in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We used data, from the World Health Survey in 48 low-income and middle-income countries.
This essay will consider if children from low income families are disadvantaged in the education system. It will examine if there is a direct link between poverty and low educational attainment.
Water and Sanitation in Low Income Countries. Share. Health and wellbeing though universal WASH services. The big challenges that we are addressing are: (1) many rural communities in semi-arid areas experience highly seasonal rainfall which is mostly lost as run-off.
This map classifies all World Bank member economies and all other economies with populations of more than 30,000 for operational and analytical purposes. Economies are divided among income groups according to 2015 gross national income (GNI) per capita, c.
This statistic describes the percentage of variation across studies, which is due to heterogeneity rather than chance, and a value of zero indicates no observed heterogeneity. 8 We restricted analysis by the cadre of countries included (low, middle or high income), the geographic region, the decade in which data were collected and by the.